上颌窦窦底高度增龄性变化的研究

The changes of maxillary sinus floor height with age

目的测量随年龄增长而变化的上颌窦窦底的高度,探讨其变化规律。方法从7～11岁(Ⅰ组)、13岁(Ⅱ组)、27～31岁(Ⅲ组)、47～51岁(Ⅳ组)及67～71岁(Ⅴ组)五个年龄段中随机选择250份全颌曲面断层片,每组50张,男女各25张。以硬腭为参照,用曲面断层射线机自配的Planmeca Dimaxis Pro软件中的电子尺,测量上颌窦窦底至硬腭的距离,所得数值在每个年龄组内进行男女间比较,在五组间行两两组间比较。结果Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组组内男女间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),13岁组中女性的上颌窦窦底至硬腭的平均距离大于男性,27～31岁组中女性的此平均距离小于男性,差异具有显著性。Ⅰ组与其他各组及Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组组间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),即7～11岁组的上颌窦窦底至硬腭的平均距离明显小于其他各年龄组,13岁组此平均距离明显小于27～31岁组。结论在生长发育阶段,上颌窦窦底位置随年龄增长不断下降,在成人阶段,此位置未见明显变化。儿童在7～11岁时,上颌窦窦底位于硬腭之下,两者间距为2.81mm。在生长发育期,女性的上颌窦窦底低于同龄男性。

Objective To measure the distance between the maxillary sinus floor and the hard palate on X-ray in different age groups. Methods A total of 250 panoramic radiographs were selected from the database ,which included five age groups,7-11 years,13 years,27-31 years,47-51 years and 67-71 years,with 50 radiographs in each group. The hard palate was chosen as reference mark. In the selected panoramic radiographs, the distance between the maxillary sinus and the hard palate was measured by electronic ruler of the Planmeca Dimaxis Pro software. The values was compared between the five groups and between males and females in each group. Results There were significant differences between males and females in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ in the distance between maxillary sinus floor and the hard palate. The mean distance in female was longer than that in male in 13 years group and was shorter than that in male in 7-11 years group. The differences between group I and other groups,and between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ,were significant. The distance in 7-11years group was significantly shorter than that in other age groups, and the distance in 13 years group was significantly shorter than that in 27-31 years group. Conclusion At young age, the position of maxillary sinus floor grows downward with age ; while in the period of aduh, there is no significant change regarding the position.