兔VX2梨状窝癌模型建立及其生物学特性观察

Establishment of the rabbit VX2 tumor as a model for pyriform sinus carcinoma and observation of its biological features

目的应用VX2瘤建立兔梨状窝癌的原位模型，并观察其生物学特性。方法接种VX2瘤于15只新西兰兔的梨状窝黏膜下，将接种后的新西兰兔随机平均分为3组，分别在接种后14、21和28d时各取一组观察其肿瘤生长情况，并立即进行组织病理学检查。结果15只兔均接种成功，VX2梨状窝肿瘤成瘤率100％。14d和21d组，所有动物无明显进食减少、体重减轻及气促等症状；28d组出现进食减少，体重减轻，鼻腔有较多分泌物及气急等症状。病理学检查证实，接种14、21、28d后每组5只兔均出现同侧颈深淋巴结转移；而颌下淋巴结的同侧转移率在14、21和28d时分别为3／5、4／5和5／5。气管旁淋巴结的同侧转移率在14、21和28d时分别为0、4／5和5／5。14、21和28d时分别有4、3、5只兔出现对侧颈深、颌下或气管旁淋巴结转移。14、21、28d时颈深、颌下和气管旁淋巴结的最大直径中位数分别为1．50、0．60和0cm，1．60、0．80和0．50cm，1．80、0．80和0．65cm，差异无统计学意义（P值均〉0．05）。结论成功建立兔VX2梨状窝癌模型，14d时出现颈深淋巴转移。

Objective To establish the rabbit VX2 tumor as a model for pyriform sinus carcinoma and to observe its biological features. Methods VX2 tumor was implanted into the pyriform sinus of 15 rabbits by direct laryngoscope. Fifteen rabbits were randomized into 3 groups （ average of 5 rabbits per group）. Observation of the tumor growth and evaluation of the histopathological characterization were taken on one group each at the of time 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation respectively. Results Tumors were found grown in the pyriform sinus of all 15 rabbits with a success implantation rate of 100%. Dysphagia, body weight loss, rhinorrhea and short of breath appeared in the rabbits 28 days after transplantation. The metastasis rates of deep cervical were 100% in all three groups. The metastasis rates of submandibular lymph nodes were 3/5, 4/5 and 5/5 in 14-day, 21-day and 28-day group respectively. The metastasis rates of paratracheal lymph nodes were 0,4/5 and 5/5 in 14-day,21-day and 28-day group respectively. There were opposite side lymph node metastasis of deep cervical, submandibular and paratracheal in 4,3 and 5 rabbits on 14, 21 and 28 days after transplantation respectively. The median diameter for deep cervical, submandibular and paratracheal neck lymph nodes were 1.50, 0. 60 and 0. 0 cm in 14 days; 1.60, O. 80 andO. 50cmin21 days; 1.80,0. SandO. 65 cm in 28 days （P〉0.05）. Conclusions The animalmodel for pyriform sinus carcinoma is established successfully. The metastasis of deep cervical lymph node could be induced from day 14 after VX2 transplantation.