摘要
目的了解辽宁地区变应性鼻炎过敏原的种类和分布状况。方法应用10种标准化过敏原(Alutard)对1185例门诊鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验(skin prick test,SPT)。结果过敏原SPT阳性患者为587例(49.54%)。过敏原种类分布依次为:粉尘螨358例(60.99%)、户尘螨330例(56.22%)、豚草花粉205例(34.90%)、艾蒿花粉168例(28.62%)、树木花粉78例(13.29%)、狗毛50例(8.52%)、猫毛43例(7.33%)、蟑螂40例(6.81%)、多价霉菌29例(4.94%)、草类花粉6例(1.02%)。变应性鼻炎发病类型为:常年性鼻炎224例(38.16%),季节性鼻炎210例(35.78%),常年性合并季节性鼻炎153例(26.06%)。过敏原反应强度依次为:+126例(9.74%)、++702例(54.29%)、+++405例(31.32%)、++++60例(4.64%)。结论尘螨是辽宁地区变应性鼻炎的首位过敏原,豚草、艾蒿花粉分别居第二、第三位,亦为季节性变应性鼻炎的主要过敏原。掌握过敏原的种类分布特征、反应强度与变应性鼻炎的发病类型有助于规范变应性鼻炎的诊断、标准化治疗和积极有效地预防。
Objective To investigate the types of allergens in allergic rhinitis (AR) and their distributions in Liaoning Province. Methods Skin prick test (SPT) was performed with 10 types of standardized allergens (Alutard) in total of 1185 patients with rhinitis. Results 587 (49.54%) patients were positive SPT. The types of allergens in turn were Dermarophagoides farina (n=358, 60.99%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (n=330, 56.22%), ragweed pollen (n=205, 34.90%), mugwort pollen (n=168, 28.62%), tree pollens (n=78, 13.29%), dog hairs (n=50, 8.52%), cat hairs (n= 43, 7.33%), cockroach (n=40, 6.81%), multivalence fungi (n=29, 4.94%), and grass pollens (n= 6, 1.02%). The onset patterns of AR were perennial (n=224, 38.16%), seasonal (n=210, 35.78%), and perennial with seasonal (n=153, 26.06%). The response intensity of SPT was + (n=126, 9.74%), ++ (n=702, 54.29%), +++ (n=504, 31.32%), and++++ (n=60, 4.64%). Conclusions Dust mites are the first important allergens of AR in Liaoning Province followed by ragweed and mugwort pollens. The latter two are the major allergens for the seasonal rhinitis. It is very useful for diagnosis, standardized therapy and efficient prevention of AR by understanding the distributive characteristics and the response intensity of allergens, as well as the classification of AR.
出处
《中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志》
2009年第1期46-47,8,共3页
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology in Integrative Medicine
基金
沈阳军区总医院科研基金资助(06Y-Z14)