以文学的名义--过去三十年中国文学评奖的反思

In the Name of Literature:Retrospect of China's Literature Awards Appraisal in Recent 30 Years

政治倾向与商业力量是过去30年文学评奖过程中最为关键的影响因素,不同话语权之间复杂的博弈常常使文学评奖过程具有妥协游戏的特征,平衡各方利益的中庸趣味占据了主导地位。创作主体为获奖而写作的倾向,推动了史诗情结和宏大叙事的风行,文学的多元性和独立性成为被牺牲的代价。文学评奖要找回失去的尊严,必须建立健全的规章制度,确保程序公正,坚守自己的独立品格,拒绝把评奖当成追逐现实功利的工具;而文学创作要确立自己的尊严,必须拒绝为获奖而写作,坚守自由与独立的文学立场。

Based on examination of historical change of China's literature awards appraisal institutions in recent 30 years, the essay makes a deep discussion on core factors which have influences on evaluation of literature awards appraisal. It points out that political preferences and commercial power are two most important factors. The complex game among different discourse powers often makes the appraisal procedure have some characteristic of compromising game. The middlebrow taste usually dominates. The trend that writing is for awards promotes grand narration that the plurality and independence of literature is lost. To regain the indignity of literature awards appraisal, comprehensive norms and institutions should be built to ensure a just procedure. Awards appraisal should not be regarded as tool for interests. And to keep its indignity, literature creation should refuse to write for awards, while keep its free and independent literal standpoint.