论小说叙述者和叙述对象的五种关系

Five Relations Between the Narrator and the Narrated Object in Novels

叙述者和叙述对象是小说中不可或缺的两大重要因素。根据叙述者与叙述对象的关系在作品中的不同表现,论述了叙述者与叙述对象主要有五种关系,即单纯叙述关系、虚构关系、代述关系、知情关系和同一关系。由小说的叙述层次考察上述五种关系,叙述者与叙述对象关系的亲疏,对作品的艺术效果会产生重要的影响。

The narrator and the narrated object,they are two indispensable and essential factors in novels. There have complicated narrative relations between various factors and different relations between the narrator and the narrated object in a novel＇s narrations. According to different representations ,there are five chief relations between the narrator and the narrated object in novels,i.e, the simple narrated relation,the fictional relation,the replacement relation, the relation in the know, and the identity relation. Viewing the five relations from narrative level,we found the distance between the narrator and the narrated object has an important influence upon the novel＇s artistic effects.