环境资源的外部性及其内化研究——以黄河水源地甘南玛曲为例

The External Effects of Environmental Resources and Its Internalization Research——Taking the Origin of Yellow River in Gannan Maqu as an Example

经济外部性理论是微观经济学研究的一个重要领域。运用该理论对黄河重要水源地甘南玛曲地区环境资源的外部性问题进行了分析,指出由于环境资源"公共产品"的属性,导致当地环境资源被过度使用,而"搭便车"现象的存在,又致使其生态环境建设供给不足。在分析了玛曲地区外部性的生成及表现、外部性的影响等方面的问题后,提出了相关措施及制度选择。

The external effects is an important research area in economic theory of microeconomics. In this paper, the external effects of environmental resources of the important origin of Yellow River in Gannan Maqu were analyzed by the theory. And it is pointed out that the ＂public goods＂ properties of the environmental resources led to the excessive use of local environmental resources. The existing＂ free-rider phenomenon also led to the insufficient supply of the ecological envirenment development. Through the research on the production and performance of the external effect, this paper also studied the measures and system choices of the internalization.