GIS中的空间建模器技术及其在全国矿产资源潜力预测中的应用

Application of GIS-Model Builder Technology for National Mineral Resource Assessment

在GIS技术环境下开展资源定量评价,实现资源评价工作的自动化、数字化、智能化是矿产资源勘查与预测的重要发展趋势.为了给地质勘查与预测人员、定量建模人员、GIS分析与操作人员提供共同研究和技术讨论平台,提出了在矿产资源预测全过程使用的建模技术.介绍了建模技术的基本概念、空间模型建立、图形建模技术以及建模技术在矿产资源定量预测中的应用,介绍了GeoDAS GIS中的建模技术基本功能以及建模技术在空间对象相关分析、证据(信息)图层提取、不规则地质单元划分、预测后验概率绘制等矿产资源预测工作中的应用实例.应用结果表明,建模技术为地质预测人员、定量建模人员、GIS操作人员开展综合研究和空间决策提供了公共的平台,有助于实现模型的共享和操作过程的自动化.

Mineral resources quantitative assessment involves processes of constructing models of various types from conceptual model, logical model, and mathematical model to GIS model etc.. Large project like the national project for mineral resource potential assessment currently under operation by the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources also involves interdisciplinary research teams specialized in geology, mineral deposits, mathematical model and GIS operation etc.. It is essential to provide a common platform for these people to exchange ideas and make collective decisions on constructing geological concept models and quantitative models and on GIS procedures for model implementation with actual data input and output. This paper proposes a model builder technology to serve the above purpose. Sophisticated functions such as model iteration and user-machine interaction are developed and implemented in GeoDAS GIS. Case studies of information extraction, spatial analysis, prediction unit delineation and posterior probability mapping involved in gold mineral deposit prediction in Nova Scotia, Canada are covered to illustrate how model builder technology can be used in the whole processes of mineral resource assessment.