濒危植物革苞菊营养器官的解剖学研究

The Anatomical Study on Vegetative Organs of Endangered Plant Tugarinovia mongolica

革苞菊为菊科多年生强旱生草本植物,是蒙古高原植物区系的特有种。本文通过常规石蜡切片法,对革苞菊营养器官进行了形态结构的观察。结果表明:革苞菊叶为等面叶,表皮由1层排列紧密的细胞组成,上下表皮均具气孔,为不规则形;栅栏组织位于上下表皮的内侧,由1层细胞组成;海绵组织由2～3层细胞构成,细胞排列疏松。茎为外韧维管束,可分为表皮、皮层和维管柱三部分,髓发达,髓射线为4～6列细胞。根可分为周皮、皮层、维管柱三部分,根中无髓,导管由中心向四周呈束状辐射排列。在茎与根的薄壁组织中分布着排列整齐的分泌结构。用PAS反应鉴定多糖、考马斯亮蓝鉴定蛋白质后观察了革苞菊的根茎叶中蛋白质和多糖的分布。本文同时讨论了革苞菊营养器官的内部构造与其所处生态环境相适应的特性。

The morphological features and anatomical structures of Tugarinovia mongolica were studied by means of traditional paraffin wax sections. The result showed ： The leaf belongs to equilateral leaf. Each epidermis con- sists of a row of epidermis cells, which are arranged closely. There are many irregular stomata which exist in both higher and lower epidermis. Its palisade tissue is composed of 1 layer cells and the spongy tissue consists of 2 - 3 layers ceils which arranged loosely. The primary structure of stem consists of epidermis, cortex and vascular cylinder. The developed pith is in the center of stem. But the root does not have this structure, which contains periderm, cortex and vascular cylinder. Many secretory structures exist in parenchyma of the root and stem. It was found that the vegetative organs of T. mongolica contain proteins by the reaction of coomassie brilliant blue. In addition, it was discussed that these structures were in conformity with the ecological environment it was located.