沈阳地区127例住院婴儿麻疹的流行病学及临床分析

Analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 127 infant measles patients in Shenyang

目的分析2006年沈阳地区127例住院婴儿麻疹患者的临床特征，以利于更好地防治婴儿麻疹。方法对沈阳市传染病院2006年收治的127例住院婴儿麻疹临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果①3-7月份为发病高峰，占全年发病的86．61％；②发病年龄主要为5—10月龄，占83．46％；③外来流动人口（主要为农村到城市务工者）子女发病率高，占64．57％；④全身中毒症状明显，皮疹典型，为充血性斑丘疹，口腔麻疹黏膜斑明显可见：结论本次小月龄婴儿麻疹发病数增加，发病季节后移，临床症状典型，并发症多，以肺炎、喉炎、肝脏损伤、心肌损伤常见。建议提高基础免疫覆盖率、及时性以及接种质量；适当提前婴儿的初免年龄；对育龄妇女可适时进行麻疹疫苗复种。

Objective To analysis the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 127 infant measles inpatients in Shenyang and search methods of prevention and therapy for the disease. Method To retrospectively analyze the clinical date of 127 infant measles inpatients in 2006 in infectious disease hospital of Shenyang. Results Most of infant measles cases occurred from March to July, accounted for 86.61%in the year. 83.46% infant measles occurred in 5 to 10 months ages. The majority of infant measles inpatients were from the floating population, accounted for 64.57%. The serious toxemic symptoms were observed. The typical skin lesions were maeulopapular eruption, Koplik＇ s spots were distinctive. Conclusions The incidence of small infant measles is increased and the high incidence period is delayed. Clinical manifestations of measles are typical and more complications, and the main complications are pneumonitis, laryngitis, liver and heart injury. The quantity and quality of basic vaccination should be all increased in time. It is suggested that basic vaccination of infants can be carried out before 8 months age timely and revaccination can be used in the women of childbearing age when necessary.