密闭式回血法降低血液透析中空气栓塞危险性的研究

Study of the airtight blood method in reducing the risk of aeroembolism in the hemodialysis patients

目的探讨降低血液透析过程中空气栓塞的危险性的作用。方法将200例维持性血液透析病人随机分为实验组100例和对照组100例，实验组使用密闭式回血方法，对照组使用开放式回血方法。观察回血时间、回血过程中进入体内生理盐水的量等。结果两组在回血时间、进入体内生理盐水的量、血液透析器的凝血程度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），而实验组的血液透析机空气报警次数和穿刺针眼渗血次数明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论密闭式回血法可确保血液透析管路的完整性和密闭性，有效降低空气栓塞的危险性。

Objective To investigate the effect of the airtight blood method in reducing the risk of aeroembolism in the hemodialysis patients. Methods Two hundread maitenance hemodialysis patients were randomly divided into two groups, 100 patients dealed with the airtight blood method in testing group and 100 patients dealed with the open-style blood method in control group. Two groups were compared in terms of the time of blood outflow, volume of Sodium Chloride and errhysis from pinpoint. Results There were no difference in operating time, volume of Sodium Chloride and clotting of dialyzer compared with that in control group（P 〉 0. 05 ）. While there were significant difference in the incidence rate of errhysis from pinpoint and coefficient of air-induced alarm in two groups （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The airtight blood method decreased the gap of cardiopulmonary bypass, completely prevented the blood from contacted with air. In this way it ensured the airtightness of the tube in hemodialysis and made it easier for the nurses to operate the machine. This method reduced the risk of aeroembolism hanpened in hemodialysis.