适度富余——企业人力资源供求管理的目标选择

Moderate surplus—An alternative objective of supply-demand management of enterprise human capital

无论是理论工作者还是企业实际管理者,都将供求平衡作为企业人力资源供求管理的目标。可事实上企业人力资源供求具有不平衡性。一方面,企业人力资源供求始终处于变动之中,要实现供求平衡存在许多不可消除的客观障碍;另一方面,在内外劳动力市场并不充分有效的条件下,实现供求平衡所需付出的成本远远高于保持人力资源适度富余所带来的损失。因此,企业人力资源供求管理的目标应当是适度富余,而不是供求平衡。

Both theoretical analysts and practical firm managers consider the balance of supply and demand as the objective of the management of enterprise human capital. In fact, the supply and demand of enterprise human capital can not be balanced. On one hand, it varies all the time, and there are lots of objective obstacles which can not be removed. On the other hand, in con- sideration of the inefficient labor market home and abroad, the cost for the balance of supply and demand is far more than the loss in maintaining moderate surplus of human capital. As a result, the objective of supply - demand management of enterprise human capital should not be the balance of supply and demand but proper surplus.