行政违法与犯罪的界限--兼谈行政权与司法权的纠葛

The Boundary Between Administrative Offence and Crime——On the Distribution of Administrative Power and Judicial Power

行政违法与犯罪涉及两类性质不同的行为,关涉罪与非罪的界限。国内外学术界对此问题争论颇多,厘清行政违法与犯罪在不同语境下的概念,是对二者进行区别的基础。主要理论有质的区别说、量的区别说、质量综合说,多数国家采用质量综合区别说。在我国语境下,从立法的视角、法律文本的视角探寻行政违法与犯罪的界限,有助于司法实践。从深层次上说,二者界分问题的背后还涉及到行政权与司法权的合理分配。

Administrative offence is distinct from crime. There are many viewpoints on the boundary. Clarifying their concepts in different countries is the foundation of drawing a line between the two. There are some basic theories focusing on quality, quantity or both and many countries adopt the last one. While in our country, it contributes to the judicial practice to search the boundary from the perspectives of legislation and legal texts. In fact, there is the reasonable distribution of administrative power and judicial power behind the boundary.