仿刺参体腔细胞和血细胞类型及体腔细胞数量研究

TYPE AND QUANTITY OF BLOOD CELLS AND COELOMOCYTES IN APOSTICHOPUS JAPONICUS

本文应用光镜、电镜技术研究了仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)体腔细胞和血窦中血细胞的形态、结构、周年体腔细胞总数及主要类型的细胞数量。研究结果表明,仿刺参体腔细胞和血细胞形态结构相同,作者将体腔细胞分为淋巴样细胞、球形细胞、变形细胞、透明细胞、纺锤细胞和结晶细胞,其中球形细胞又分为Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅲ型。血窦中血细胞除未见结晶细胞外,其余与体腔细胞相同。体腔细胞和血细胞均以淋巴样细胞、变形细胞、球形细胞为主,透明细胞、纺锤细胞次之,结晶细胞数量最少。从形态和结构分析,作者认为仿刺参体腔细胞和血细胞来源可能相同。周年平均的体腔细胞总数为(3.85±0.21)×106个/mL,淋巴样细胞为(1.58±0.11)×106个/mL,占细胞总数的(41±1.47)%;球形细胞为(1.16±0.13)×106个/mL,占细胞总数的(30±0.89)%;变形细胞为(0.99±0.07)×106个/mL,占总细胞数的(25±0.98)%,三种主要类型细胞占细胞总数的(96±1.53)%。

The internal defence system of Apostichopus japonicus is dependent on circulating coelomocytes and blood cells,and in recent years,the studies have mainly concerned the morphological characterization of different coelomocyte types. However, heretofore,there is not an uniform criteria on classification of coelomocytes. In addition,studies on blood cells in Apostichopus japonicus were very few,just somebody conjectured that coelomocytes and blood cells were identical and blood was similar to coelomic fluid. In order to investigate the characterization of coelomocytes and blood cells in Apostichopus japonicus and ascer- tained the similarity of above both,in this paper,morphology and structure of coelomocytes and blood cells in Apostichopus ja- ponicus were described on the observation of living coelomocytes staining,biology slice （blood vessel ,fete mirabile and intes- tine） and ultrathin sections （coelomocytes and blood cells） and the count of coelomocytes were studied. The results showed that morphology and structure of coelomocytes and blood cells were identical. The coelomocytes could be divided into six types：Lymphoid cells （5--6μm, spherical shape with 6--7μm pesudopods and a higher nuclearcytoplasmic ratio）, Spherulocytes （5--13μm, spherical shape and a few granules in cytoplasm）, Amoeboid phagocytes （5--10μm, irregular shape with several pesudopods） , Hyaline cells （7--10μm, spherical shape and a lower nuclear-cyto- plasmic ratio） , Fusiform cells （fusiform,6--12μm of length-diameter and 1--3μm of short-diameter） and Crystal cells （5--10μm,polyhedral,rectangle on side view and hexagon on apical view）. The Sphornlocytes could be divided into Ⅰ （5--10μm with no sports ability） , Ⅱ （ 7--12μm with several pesudopods on radial arrangement） and Ⅲ types （6-- 13μm with several spherical refractive bodies in cytoplasm）. In addition, all coelomocytes except crystal cells were observed in blood vessel. On the basis of form and structure,we thought the ontogenesis of coelomocytes and blood cells were probably same. However,the certain relationship of both two should be further verified in future using monoclonal antibodies. Not only in coelomic fluid but also in blood, the count of Lymphoid cells, Sphorulocytes and Amoeboid phagocytes were the most, followed by Hyaline cells, Fusiform cells and then of Crystal cells. The total coelomocyte count （TCC） and differential coelomocyte count （DCC） were determined six times in March, May, July, August, November 2005 and January 2006 at Dalian,respectively. The results showed that the annual average of total coelomocyte count was （3.85± 0.21 ） ×10^6/ mL,the count of Lymphoid cell,Sphorulocytes and Amoeboid phagocytes was （ 1.58 ±0. 11） ×10^6/mL （ （41 ± 1.47）% of TCC）,（1. 16 ±0. 13） ×10^6/mL （（30±0.89）% of TCC）,（0.99 ±0.07）×10^6/mL （（25 ±0.98）% of TCC）,respectively. The total number of above three kinds of cells was account for （96 ± 1.53 ） % of TCC.