口腔颌面外科住院患者抗菌药物应用调查分析

Utilization of Antibiotics in the Inpatients in Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Department

目的:了解口腔颌面外科住院患者抗菌药物的使用现状,为加强抗菌药物的合理应用提供依据。方法:回顾性调查375例北京大学口腔医院住院患者抗菌药物的应用情况。结果:抗菌药物使用率为94.40%,主要为预防性使用;单一用药率51.73%,二联用药率42.67%,无三联及以上联用;种类以青霉素类、头孢菌素类和硝基咪唑类为主;给药途径以静脉滴注为主;用药基本合理比例占72.68%。结论:口腔颌面外科住院患者抗菌药物使用主要为预防性用药,存在预防使用率过高、用药时间过长、给药间隔不当、药敏送检率低等问题,医院需采取积极有效的管理措施,切实加强抗菌药物的合理应用。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the status quo of the utilization of antibiotics in the inpatients in Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Department so as to provide reference for the rational administration of antibiotics. METHODS： The application of antibiotics in 375 inpatietns in Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Stomatology of Peking University was reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS： The proportion of patients receiving antibiotics was 94.40 %, mostly for prophylactic purpose. The proportion of using single kind antibiotics was 51.73% versus 42.67% using two kinds of antibiotics concomitantly, and none used 3 or more than 3 kinds of antibiotics in combination. Penicillins, cephalosporins and nitroimidazoles were the dominant kinds of the antibiotics. Intravenous drip was the chief route of administration. 72.68 % of the antibiotics were used rationally on the whole. CONCLUSION： The use of antibiotics in inpatients in oral maxillofacial surgery department is mostly for prophylactic purpose. Problems like high percentage of prophylactic use of antibiotics, prolonged medication, improper medication time, low percentage of drug susceptibility test etc can still be seen. Positive and effective management measures should be taken in hospital to strengthen the rational use of antibiotics.