非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体及其靶向治疗研究进展

Advances of epidermal growth factor receptor and targeted therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer

非小细胞肺癌是目前全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,尽管手术治疗和化学治疗技术不断发展,但非小细胞肺癌患者生存率却没有明显改变。表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是一种受体型酪氨酸激酶,在非小细胞肺癌中有过表达,且与非小细胞肺癌的发生、发展、侵袭等方面密切相关,是最有前途的特异性肿瘤靶向治疗分子之一。此外,在非小细胞肺癌中常检测到EGFR基因突变,尤其是在女性、非吸烟者、肺腺癌和亚洲人种中,这与非小细胞肺癌患者对吉非替尼治疗的敏感性密切相关。

Non-small-cell lung cancer （ NSCLC ） is one of the most common malignant tumors in a world. Although the development of the surgery and chemical therapy techniques, survival rates in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer has been not improved. Epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） is a receptor tyrosine kinase and is overexpressed frequently in NSCLC, which is related to tumorigenesis, development, invasion of NSCLC. Thus, EGFR is one of the most promising targets to tumor therapy. Morever, EGFR gene mutation was frequently tested in NSCLC, especially in Asians, females, nonsmokers, and adenocarcinomas. Some studies found that EGFR gene mutation was related to gefitinib therapy sensibility.