尾矿库环境风险评价方法探讨

METHOD OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT ON TAILINGS PONDS

环境风险评价是有色金属选矿项目环境影响评价的重要内容,目前尚没有统一的、系统的评价方法。采用定量预测的方法系统地对某拟建锑矿选厂尾矿库进行了环境风险评价,结果表明:该尾矿库属于重大危险源,溃坝事故概率为0.3%,溃坝影响范围为636m,溃坝将使下游河流遭受污染,As、Pb超标严重,对下游居民生活用水造成影响,必须加强风险防范。定量预测方法可以准确地预测溃坝影响的范围和程度,对于尾矿库环境风险评价有一定的指导作用。

The environmental risk assessment is an important content of environmental impact assessment for non-ferrous metal beneficiation project. Up to now,there is no unified and systemic assessment method. Taking an antimony ore beneficiation plant for example,environmental risk of tailings pond was analysed systematically using quantitative analysis method. The results showed that the tailing pond was a source of major hazard and the accident probability of dam break was 0.3%. When the dam was broken,636 m would be affected and the downstream rivers would be polluted seriously with the concentration of As and Pb over-standard to a great extent to have an influence on the water for the residents in the downriver. Therefore,the risk prevention should be strengthened. The influencing range and extent of the dam-break could be predicted accurately by the quantitative prediction method,which can instruct the environmental risk assessment of the tailings pond.