病情与治疗方法对高血压患者生活质量影响的前赡性对照研究

Effects of disease and therapy on quality of life of patients with hypertension

目的评估病情与治疗方法对高血压患者生活质量的影响。方法应用综合质量问卷与高血压患者症状维度问卷，于治疗前与治疗后６个月二次评估１０５名Ⅰ、Ⅱ期高血压患者生活质量，同时以１０５名健康对照者生活质量评估资料作为对照。结果高血压患者的生活质量在躯体、心理、社会功能诸多方面显著性差于对照者。六个月的分组药物治疗与非药物治疗后，发现非药物治疗可以控制８２．４％的Ⅰ期高血压患者的血压，对患者的生活质量没有负性影响，而且可以改善患者的睡眠，精力，减少躯体不适感；而药物治疗可以控制７８．８％的Ⅱ期高血压患者的血压，改善患者的睡眠，精力，减少躯体不适感，减轻高血压的症状；但损害患者的自尊与减少社交活动。结论病情与治疗方法对高血压患者生活质量有不同的影响，临床工作中在治疗高血压患者的血压时，不应忽视改善患者的生活质量。

Objective To evaluated the effects of disease and treatment on quality of life of patients with hypertension.Methods One hundred and five patients with hypertension and 105 controllers were evaluated with a General Quality of Life Inventory(GQOLI) and a specific scale for patients with hypertension.After a six month period when the patients with mild hypertension received non drug therapy and the patients with moderately hypertension received antihypertensive drug therapy,the blood pressure and quality of life were evaluated again.Results The hypertensive patients reported significant lower scores of quality of life than the controllers in physical health,psychological health and social function dimensions.Throughout the treatment period,no differences between mild and moderately hypertensive patients groups were found in blood pressure. Mild hypertensive patients treated with non drug therapy had more favorable changes in sleep,energy and somatic symptoms,whereas the moderately hypertensive patients treated with antihypertensive drug therapy had also more favorable changes in sleep,energy and somatic symptoms,but worsened in self esteem and social interaction aspects of quality of life.Conclusions The quality of life of hypertensive patient were singificantly worse than that of healthy contrllers.There were different effects on quality of life between two antihypertensive therapies.