4300例围产儿出生缺陷监测及预防对策研究

A Study on the Birth Defects Observation of 4 300 Cases of Perinatal Foetus and Preventive Countermeasures.

本文对甘肃省张掖地区6个县市1995年12月1日～1996年11月30日来院分娩的围产儿采用中国出生缺陷(Birth Defects,BD)监测方案及全国统一诊断标准进行了BD监测,共发现BD53例,发生率123.26/万神经管缺陷所占比例最高达28.3％,BD死亡占围产儿死亡的20.96％。各县之间BD发生率无显著差异。提出BD发生与文化程度、经济水平、职业、孕产次,早孕期接触可疑致畸因素等有关。应提高农村妇女文化素质,普及优生知识,调整饮食结构,早孕期尽量避免病毒感染及接触化学产品,特别是化肥、农药,孕期保持愉快的心情,加强产前诊断。

Objective: Main causes of birth defrects and possible preventive countermeasures.Methods:4 300 cases of perinatal foetus of the six counties of Zhang Ye District were observed under the guidance of China's BD Methodology and China National BD Standard.Results: 53 cases of Bd were found, and the rate of it is 123. 26/10 000. the rate of neural tube defect is as high as 28.3% .The rate of death from BD is 20.96% of the total perinatal foetus.Conclusions: Since the BD rates of the different counties are very close, we conclude that BD is mainly caused by the standard of women's education, amount of their income, occupation, time of labour, pregnancy and contacts of possible causes of deformity. So we must educate women from countryside, especially inform them of knowledge on eugenics, suggest that they should balance their diet, keep away from virus infection and avoid contact of chemicals, especially agricultural chemicals at pregnancy. Pregnant women should be care - free and take more perinatal examinations.