省会城市史:城市史研究的新亮点

History of provincial capital cities:a new Perspective of the study of city history

秦王朝一统中国后,形成了以皇帝所在的都城为中心的都城—郡—县三级行政等级体系。此一体系到元代发生变化,行省制建立,省会城市成为都城和府、县之间的一个重要层次,在区域中发挥着巨大的作用,不仅是省域的政治中心和管理中心,也是经济中心、文化中心。近代以来,省会城市成为省域城市中发展最快、现代化变迁最大的城市之一,带动区域城市和乡村的发展。但学术界对于省会城市的研究,尤其是整体研究较为薄弱。故而本文建议应该加强对省会城市史的整体研究,并提出从加强对省会城市的发展演变系统研究,从加强对不同时期不同类型的省会城市比较研究,从加强省会城市与国外同级行政中心城市比较研究,从对省会城市的功能结构变迁研究等方面入手。另外,加强对省会城市史研究不仅具有学术意义,而且还有着重要的现实意义。

After unified China,Qin dynasty formed a 3-tier—capital-County-county—administrative level system in which the capital where the emperor lived is the center. This system changed in Yuan Dynasty. Province established,and the Capital cities became an important level between the Capital and county and played a great role in the region. The Capital cities were not only the province's political and management center but also the economic and cultural center. From the modern history on,the provincial capital cities,which led the regional urban and rural development,become one of the fastest-growing cities and the biggest modernization changes of Provincial cities. Therefore,this paper suggested that the overall study on the history of provincial capital cities should be strengthen and proposed to strengthen the study on the evolution of systems of the capital city,and strengthen comparative study between different types of capital cities in different periods of and between Capital cities with foreign administrative center cities at the same level,and start from the function research in the field of structural changes of the capital cities.In addition,to strengthen the study of the history of the capital city has not only an academic significance,but also an important practical significance.