周恩来与1956年的反冒进--记中共中央关于经济建设方针的一场争论

Zhou Enlai with counter-aggressive advance in 1956——a debate on the policy of economic construction between the high-level leaders of CPC

1956年实现了生产资料所有制的社会主义改造之后,中共高层在如何确定新中国经济建设方针的问题上出现了分歧和争论。毛泽东要求超速实现工业化,号召批右倾保守;周恩来等人主张积极稳妥地发展,提出反急躁冒进。这一分歧主要反映在二五计划方案和1957年经济计划的制定上,经过周恩来和国务院的百般努力,中共多数领导人赞同他们的主张,在苏联表明态度后,毛泽东也不得不赞同积极稳妥的方针。最后,在八届二中全会上,冒进与反冒进之争暂时告一段落。

After the finishment of the social transformation about the ownership of the means of production in 1956,there are disagreements and disputes between the high-level leaders of CPC on how to identify a new approach to the issue of economic construction. Chairman Mao asked to speed towards the industrialization and called a criticism on rightist conservative granted; Zhou Enlai and others advocated an active and steady development and made a counter-aggressive advance. This difference is mainly seen in the second 5-year program and the formulation of economic plan in 1957. With all sorts of efforts,Zhou Enlai and the State Council got the agreement of the majority leader of the Chinese CPC on their claim. With the attitude shown by the Soviet Union,Mao Zedong also had to agree with the active and steady policy. Finally,in the Second Plenary Session of the Eighth,the debate between aggressive advance and counter-aggressive advance came to an end temporarily.