超级早晚稻的产量与产量构成特点

The Yield and Its Component Characteristics of Super Early and Later Rice

在大田条件下,研究超级早、晚稻品种的产量及产量构成的差异。研究表明,超级早、晚稻品种的产量显著或极显著地高于对照品种(早稻为金优402、晚稻为汕优10)。早稻产量与每穗粒数和结实率的关系密切,而晚稻产量与有效穗数和每穗粒数关系密切。成穗率与早晚稻产量呈显著相关(r=0.878 8*)和呈极显著相关(r=0.959 8**)。早稻成穗率与分蘖平均增长速率和分蘖平均下降速率均呈极显著负相关(r=-0.940 4**和r=-0.952 5**);晚稻成穗率与分蘖平均下降速率呈极显著负相关(r=-0.944 9**)。超级早、晚稻的发育颖花数较对照多是由于其分化的颖花数多,而不是由于其退化率低所致。

The yield and its component characteristics of super early and later rice were studied in field conditions. The results showed that the yields of supper early and later rice were significantly higher than those of control varieties （ the early and late season control varieties were Jinyou 402 and Shanyou 10 respectively）. There was a close correlation between early rice yield and spikelets per panicle and filled grain percentage, while there was a close correlation between later rice yield and effective panicle and spikelets per panicle. There was a significant positive correlation between the early rice yield and productive tiller percentage（r =0. 878 8^＊ ）; while there was a very significant positive correlation between the later rice yield and productive tiller percentage（r =0. 959 8^＊＊ ）. There was a very significant negative correlation between early rice productive tiller percentage and average tiller increasing rate and average filler decreasing rate（r = -0. 940 4^＊ and r= -0.952 5^＊＊ ）. There was a significant negative correlation between later rice productive tiller percentage and average tiller decreasing rate（ r = - 0. 944 9^＊＊ ）. The more developed spikelets per panicle of supper early and later rice than those of the control varieties were brought about by more differentiation spikelets, not lower abortion percentage.