国际法的性质与效力依据:新视角下的再考量

The Nature and Foundation of Binding Force of International Law:In a New Perspective

在新的世纪,国际法的基本理论需要进一步创新与发展。对自然国际法的扬弃,以及对国际法的一分为二,是再考量国际法性质与效力依据的基本前提。自然国际法与实在国际法存在互动关系,自然国际法决定着实在国际法,实在国际法反作用于自然国际法。自然国际法对国际社会成员具有抽象的拘束力,国际法的拘束力完整地体现为自然国际法的抽象拘束力与实在国际法的具体拘束力的结合。国际法是法,特别是在纳入自然国际法之后,国际法将成为完备的、自成体系的、具有形式合理性的法。自然国际法的效力来自国际社会规律;实在国际法的效力来自各国意志的协调。自然国际法的效力依据决定了实在国际法的效力依据。

In the new century,the foundational theory of international law needs further creation and development.The sublation of natural international law and the dichotomy of international law are the two basic premises to reconsider the nature and foundation of binding force of international law.Natural international law and positive international law have interactive relations with the former dominating the latter while the latter reacting to the former.Natural international law has abstract binding force on the members of international society,and the binding force of international law is the combination of that of natural international law and positive international law.International law is law,especially after it has included natural international law.With new component,International law will become a perfect,systematic law with reasonable forms.The binding force of natural international law comes from the laws of international society,while that of positive international law comes from the agreement of the will of nations.The foundation of binding force of natural international law decides that of positive international law.