论九叶诗派——兼纪念袁可嘉先生

On the "Nine-Leaf-Poem" School——Also in Memory of Mr. Yuan Ke-jia

九叶诗派是著名的中国现代主义诗派。其诗歌创作将思想的深刻性与艺术表现的复杂性镕结为一,展示了很高的精神境界。诗人们从本质上透视和把握主客体世界,是其作品思想深刻性的坚实基础;而象征艺术手段的成功运用,又使其作品形态呈现丰富的新颖性。现实生活的刺激和教育,促使九叶诗人以入世精神从本体论上否定现代主义消极遁世的人生态度,使现代主义在中国发生了具有积极意义的变异,从而奠定了这一诗派在中国现代诗歌史上的重要地位。作为诗人兼诗歌理论家,袁可嘉的诗作鲜明体现了"人民本位"的文学思想,标示了诗人提出的"人的文学"的力度与高度,同时也说明了以多方面的社会体验与人生思考为背景和基础的"人的文学"应该并可能达到的深度与广度(本文特设一节,以纪念前不久逝世的袁可嘉先生)。当然,在肯定九叶诗派思想艺术成就的同时,也应看到它"深刻的片面性"(主要是缺乏辩证的思维和观照)这一弱点,而克服这一弱点将有利于推进和提升中国现代诗创作,有助于中国现代诗走上国际诗坛。

The ＂ Nine-Leaf-Poem-School＂, as a well-known Chinese modernist school, combines deeply embodied ideas with complex artistic forms, displaying a higher spiritual insight. While the poets＂ essential analysis of subjective or objective worlds lays a firm basis for the thoughtfulness, their successful usage of symbolic artistic methods gives a colorful novelty. And such an encouraging experience is produced by the realistic life that they give up, from ontology and by way of the spirit of joining society, the modernists＇passive attitude towards life. All this produces an active variation of modernism in China and establishes an important place in the history of Chinese modern poetry. As for Yuan Ke-jia, who are both poet and poetic critic, his works embody sharply the literary consciousness of the ＂people bedrock＂ and indicate the strength, width and depth of the ＂hominine literature＂ , which is put out by him and based on the multiple social experience and life reflection. Of course, while the achievement of this school should be affirmed, its ＂deep one-sidedness＂ being short of dialectical thinking should not be neglected. It will be beneficial to overcome this shortcoming so as to promote the creation of Chinese modern poetry and its walking-up of international poetry.