管制和垄断对房地产成本的影响估计——基于SFA模型及30个城市面板数据的分析

Effect of Regulations and Monopolies on Real Estate Development Costs

由于管制和垄断的存在,实际房地产开发成本将远高于有效率的成本,造成社会福利损失。本文尝试利用2004-2006年30个城市的房地产开发面板数据,构建SFA模型,估算了管制和垄断对我国房地产开发成本的共同影响。结果显示,管制与垄断显著增加了我国房地产开发的成本。从总体看,管制与垄断因素使分析期内房地产开发平均成本上升了94%;从动态看,这种作用有逐年增大的趋势;分区域看,对中、东部地区开发成本的影响要大于西部不发达地区,对珠三角地区开发成本的影响要大于其它所有地区。改善房地产开发相关管制,促进房地产市场的竞争,是提高我国土地利用效率、降低房地产开发及城市化成本的必要手段。

Because of the regulations and monopolies, the costs of real estate development will be much higher than the cost efficient. Based on the panel data of the period 2004-2006 in 30 cities, this paper established an SFA model to estimate the combined effect of the regulations and monopolies on China＇s real estate development costs. The results show that the effect increased the costs significantly. Overall, it increased the average cost in the period by 94 percent. The effect in the eastern region is greater than in the underdeveloped western regions, and in the Pearl River Delta region is the greatest in all areas. From dynamic, the effect has increased year by year. Improving the related regulations and promoting the competitiveness are the necessary means to enhance China＇s land-use efficiency and lower the cost of real estate development and urbanization.