超空泡推进发动机燃料能量特性比较

Comparison of fuel energy characteristics for supercavitation propulsion engine

超空泡鱼雷实现高航速、远航程的有效途径之一是携带高能燃料——金属粉末燃料或金属基燃料。为了说明这些燃料的能量特性,结合水冲压发动机的工作特点,采用最小自由能法对各种燃料进行热力计算,并进一步进行能量比较。分析结果表明,铝粉是较为理想的燃料,镁基燃料不可取。热力计算和能量比较法可为燃料的选择提供依据,进而指导水冲压发动机的设计和试验。

One of the effective approaches for the supercavitation torpedo to realize high speed and long range is to use high energy fuel, i. e. metal powder fuel or metal matrix fuel. Thermodynamic calculation was made by using the free energy minimization method, and combined with the working characteristics of water-ramjet engine to illustrate the energy characteristics of these fuels, then a further energy comparison was achieved. The result of analysis shows that aluminum powder is a perfect choice, and magnesi- um-based fuel should not be used. Thermodynamic calculation and energy comparison are useful to provide a basis for the choice of fuels, and a guide in design and test of water-ramjet engines.