论日语复合动词前后项要素的基本特征

Key Features of the Inscapes in Japanese Compound Verbs

以2523个日语复合动词为主要统计对象,通过分析格构造、意义特征及意义领域,明确了日语复合动词前后项的基本像,认为日语复合动词前项要素的大部分为不包含变化意义的<が,を>格动作动词,并往往是与人类基本生存状态相关的具体动作,而后项动词则很多是包含变化意义的、与<に>格相关的动词,由此进一步论证并发展了日语复合动词的基本结构是"主体动作(经过)→对象变化(结果)"这一结论。

Based on 2523 Japanese compound verbs, the paper analyses their cases, meaning features and meaning fields and distinguishes the fundamental features of the two elements in a compound verb. As is found, to a compound verb, while its forepart is always an action verb containing case 〈が,き 〉 and related to the basic living state of mankind, and its rear part tends to be a verb related to case 〈 に 〉. Therefore, the paper proves and develops the idea that the basic structure of a Japanese compound verb is ＂action from subject （process）→change in object （result） ＂.