试论北京道教宫观文化

A Study of the Culture of Taoist Temples in Beijing

道教是中国本土宗教,与佛教、基督教、伊斯兰教一样,是人类社会发展到一定阶段的产物,也是一种社会历史现象,有其发生发展的过程。自唐开元二十九年(741年)天长观在北京地区落成后,便揭开了道教各个派别在北京地区传道建观的历史。以北京道教宫观为切入点,综观北京道教宫观的渊源,以及北京道教宫观在不同历史时期的地位与作用,可以看出,北京道教宫观具有传播和承载社会历史文化的功能,是中华民族传统文化的支柱之一,同时也是北京城市文明的重要标志之一。

Taoism is a native Chinese religion. Like Buddhism, Christianity and Islam, Taoism is also a product of the development of human society to a certain period. It is a historical social phenomenon and has its own course of development. Ever since Nian Tian Chang Temple was established in Beijing area in the year 741 in the Tang Dynasty the history of the spreading of Taoism and the establishment of Taoist temples by different sects of Taoism in Beijing has started. With a study of Taoist temples in Beijing, from the origin of Taoism in Beijing and the position and funetion of Taoism in Beijing in diferent historical periods, it can seen that the Taoist temples in Beijing enjoy the function of spreading and preserving social historical culture. They form one of the important pillars of Chinese traditional culture, and at the same time stand as one of the important symbol of the civilization of Beijing city.