特发性肺纤维化的综合诊断进展

The development in the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

特发性肺纤维化是最常见的一种特发性间质性肺炎,组织病理表现为普通型间质性肺炎,临床表现为进行性呼吸困难伴有刺激性干咳,确诊依赖于外科肺活检。但肺活检风险大、费用高,不易被患者接受。近年来研究发现综合HRCT、血清标志物、以及肺功能、支气管肺泡灌洗液等检查,可以对IPF作出早期准确的诊断。本文将从上述几个方面作一介绍。

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF） is a most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, characterized by a histological pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia. Typical symptoms of IPF include chronic progressive exertion breathlessness, frequently accompanied by a non-productive cough. The final diagnosis depended on surgical lung biopsy which has more risk and higher cost, and most patients can not accept it. It is recognized recently that high-resolution computerized topographic scanning （HRCT） combined with blood markers, pulmonary function and bronchoalvoelar lavage fluid testing may conduce to the early and exact diagnosis of IPF. This reiew is about the newest diagnosis of IPF from such aspects.