一种发射车快速精确定位定向技术的研究

A new rapid approach to get the precise position and orientation of the launch vehicle

目前发射车的定位定向普遍采用GPS、惯导及寻北仪等测量方法或后方交汇解算方法。测量法易受干扰、精度低而且寻北时间长;而解算法没有研究经纬仪存在姿态倾角时测量点三维坐标及载体姿态角的求解问题。本文提出了一种新的导弹发射车快速精确定位定向的方法:首先利用捷联安装在车体上的光电探测器,分别探测地面上三个坐标位置已知的靶标,得到三组方位角和俯仰角,并结合车载导航设备给出的发射车概略坐标、姿态角信息解算出发射车更精确的坐标、姿态角。通过实验研究论证,表明此方法具有速度快、精度高、自动化及智能化程度高的特点,能够有效缩短发射车准备时间、提高导弹发射的反应速度。

Nowadays, the main methods applied in the orientation and position of launch vehicle include GPS, Inertial Navigation E- quipment and North-searching instrument or the calculation method of intersection at back. The measuring method is liable to be interfered. Its precision is low and it costs a lot of time to search the north. Similarly, the calculation method isn＇ t able to provide the threedimensional coordinates of measured points and the pose angles of transit instruments. A new method to orient and position Launch vehicles rapidly is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on photoelectric detector installed on the vehicle stripy, three groups of azimuth angles and pitching angles are obtained by detecting three targets with their coordinates being known on the launch area. Then, more accurate coordinates and pose angles are calculated by combining the cursory coordinates and pose information provided by the guidance equipments on the vehicle. The experimental result indicates that the method is faster, more accurate and with a higher degree of autoimmunization and intelligentization. It can economize the prepare time of the vehicle and advance the reaction speed of the launch of missiles.