炎症性肠病的致病机理和治疗研究进展

The immunopathogenesis and therapies of inflammatory bowel diseases

炎症性肠病（IBD），主要指克隆病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC），同时也包括一些其它非传染性的肠道炎症，是一类以免疫应答失调导致持续性肠道炎症为特征的疾病。IBD的病因和确切的发病机制目前还并不明确，一般认为是在遗传易感性的个体身上，由于环境因素，遗传因素，以及免疫因素等各方面的综合作用，肠道粘膜免疫系统对肠道微生物菌群发生了过度的免疫反应而最终导致了肠道炎症。IBD传统的治疗方法并没有很好的效果并常常伴随着强烈的副作用。近些年来随着对免疫因素在IBD发病中所起作用的研究日益深入，不断出现着一些针对IBD发病机制的新的疗法。

The inflammatory bowel diseases （IBDs）, represented mainly by Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis but also including noninfectious inflammations of the bowel, are characterized by persistent intestinal inflammation which is due to disordered immune response. Although the pathogenesis of IBD remains unknown, it is generally accepted that IBD is the results of the combinational effect of environmental, genetic, and immunological factors in which an uncontrolled immune response within the intestinal lumen leads to inflammation in genetically predisposed individuals. Existing conventional treatments are not ideal and have severe side effects. Advances in understanding the immunological pathogenesis of IBD have allowed the development of novel therapies