热漏、内不可逆性和导热规律对卡诺热机最优性能的影响

Influences of Heat Leak, Internal Irreversibility and Heat Transfer Law on Optimal Performance of A Carnot Engine

在考虑工质与热源间热阻损失的内可逆卡诺热机模型基础上，用一常数项表示热漏损失，用一常系数项表示循环中除热阻和热漏外的其余不可逆性，建立了不可逆定常态流卡诺热机模型，并基于一类较为普遍的导热规律ｑ∝△（Ｔｎ），导出热机的功率和效率最佳特性关系，分析了热漏、内不可逆性和导热规律的影响特点。

The sole irreversibility considered in an endoreversible Carnot heat engine model is the loss of heat resistance between the engine and its surrounding heat reservoirs. This paper presents a new steady state flow irreversible Carnot heat engine model by taking additional account of several internal irreversibility factors. This is done by means of a constant parameter and a constant coefficient, together with the loss of heat resistance. Analysis and optimization of the model were carried out to deduce the fundamental optimal relation between power output and efficiency, and to investigate the effect of heat sistance, heat leak, internal irreversibility and heat transfer law on the performance of the model based on a genernal heat transfer law, q∝△(T n) .