采用分子标记构建新疆野苹果核心种质的方法

A Method for Constructing Core Collection of Malus sieversii Using Molecular Markers

【目的】探讨分子水平构建核心种质的方法,为新疆野苹果核心种质的构建提供方法。【方法】以109个新疆野苹果实生株系的128个SSR位点为材料,根据Nei&Li、SM和Jaccard遗传距离,采用UPGMA聚类法进行多次聚类,以随机取样策略为对照取样策略,应用位点优先取样策略,研究新疆野苹果核心种质构建的方法。采用丢失的等位基因数以及对Nei’s基因多样度和香农信息指数进行t检验来评价核心种质的代表性。【结果】与对照随机取样策略比较,位点优先取样策略能构建一个更有代表性的核心种质。SM、Jaccard和Nei&Li遗传距离构建的新疆野苹果核心种质无明显区别。采用SRAP数据和表型数据分析显示,位点优先取样策略是一种较好的构建新疆野苹果核心种质的方法。【结论】采用位点优先法,根据SM、Jaccard或Nei&Li遗传距离进行多次聚类,是较适宜的构建新疆野苹果核心种质的方法。

[ Objective ] The method for constructing core collection of Malus sieversii based on molecular markers data was proposed. [ Method ] According to 128 S SR allele of 109 M. sieversii, an allele preferred sampling strategy was used to construct M. sieversii core collection using UPGMA cluster method according to Nei ＆ Li, SM and Jaccard genetic distances by stepwise clustering and compared with the random sampling strategy. The number of lost allele and t-test of Nei＇s gene diversity and Shannon＇s Information index were used to evaluate representative of core collections. [Result] Compared with the random sampling strategy, allele preferred sampling stragegy could construct more representative core collections. SM, Jaccard and Nei ＆ Li genetic distance had not distinct difference for construction of M. sieversii core collection. SRAP data and morphological data showed that allele preferred sampling strategy was a good sampling strategy for constructing core collection of M. sieversii. [Conclusion] Allele preferred sampling strategy combined with SM, Jaccard and Nei ＆ Li genetic distances using stepwise clustering is a suitable method for constructing M. sieversii core collection.