寡糖诱导向日葵抗锈病超微结构

Ultrastructure of Sunflower Resistance to Rust Induced by Oligosaccharide

【目的】利用电子显微镜技术研究寡糖处理向日葵植株后对锈菌侵染的抑制作用,以揭示寡糖诱发子在细胞学水平的作用机理。【方法】通过寡糖喷雾处理向日葵叶片,2d后接种锈菌,利用扫描和透射电镜对寄主及病原菌超微结构进行了研究。【结果】诱导处理后有部分夏胞子向内凹陷,萌发受到抑制。寄主细胞对于病原菌的侵入产生了防卫反应结构和物质。表现为寄主细胞壁加厚,染色加深,寄主细胞壁下产生黑色物质沉积;吸器壁加厚,吸器外间质变宽,部分吸器畸形坏死;细胞器变形、空泡化,最终寄主细胞解体、坏死。【结论】寡糖处理对病原菌有一定的抑制作用并可诱导向日葵产生对锈病的抗病性。

[Objective] Electron microscope technique was used to study the inhibitory effects of oligosaccharide on the infection of Puccinia helianthi on sunflower, to unravel the mechanism of oligosaccharide elicitors at the cytology level. [ Method ] Treated with oligosaccharide, 2 days later, sunflower was inoculated with Puccinia helianthi, the ultrastructure of pathogen and host was investigated with scanning and transmission electronic microscopy. [Result] Some uredospores on the induced plant were sunken and the germination was inhibited. The host cells of sunflower produced defense structures and material related to the infection. The host cell wall was thickened and deeply stained, dark material deposited under the cell wall and the walls of haustoria thickened and extra-haustorial matrix was found to be enlarged; some haustoria became malformed and disintegrated, deformation and vacuolation of host organelles occured, finally the whole host cell disintegrated, collapsed. [ Conclusion ] Oligosaccharide has inhibitory effects on the pathogen infection and sunflower leaves were induced resistance to the rust disease.