中高层大气研究的空间探测

An Overview of the Space-based Observations for Upper Atmospheric Research

中高层大气研究对于深入理解全球变化和日地关系十分重要,也为有关航天与临近空间飞行的环境保障提供基础。中高层大气研究的目的是要深入了解其中发生的主要过程及其耦合,并发展各种模式。在现代中高层大气研究中,地基、高空飞机、高空气球、火箭和空间观测提供了动力、热力和化学成分结构与变化的资料,其中空间观测起到至关重要的作用。将对用于中高层大气研究的卫星任务和传感器载荷进行综述,同时列举一些中高层大气空间观测的科学结果。

The upper atmospheric research is of importance both in understanding the global change and the sun-earth connection and in applications of near space weather. It aims to understand and model the dynamical, chemical and radiative processes and their interactions in the upper atmosphere. The ground-based, high altitude aircraft, stratospheric balloon, rocket, and space-based observations have provided many data about the dynamical, thermal and chemical structures and variations in the upper atmosphere. This article will give an overview about the space-based observations which play an essential role in the upper atmosphere researches. Past, current and near future satellite missions and remote sensors for upper atmospheric observation and some important scientific results are summarized.