一种耐高温加成固化型酚醛树脂作为复合材料基体的评价

Evaluation of a high temperature-resistant,addition-curable phenolic resin as the matrix of composites

制备了烯丙基化程度可达173%的烯丙基酚醛树脂(AN173),并与双马来酰亚胺(BMI)以1∶1的质量比进行共聚,制备了双马改性的烯丙基酚醛树脂(BMAN173)。研究了该树脂工艺性,确定了其固化制度,考察了该树脂石英布复合材料层合板的耐热性和力学性能。实验结果表明,BMAN173树脂具有良好的工艺性,适合于RTM、模压成型等多种成型工艺。BMAN173树脂固化物表现出良好的耐热性,其储能模量起始下降温度约为390℃,起始热分解温度超过430℃。与传统酚醛树脂相比,该树脂的复合材料的高温力学性能优异,350℃弯曲强度和层间剪切强度保留率分别约为57%和62%;复合材料具有优异的热性能,其储能模量起始下降温度约为410℃,玻璃化转变温度超过了450℃。BMAN173树脂是耐高温复合材料的理想候选基体树脂。

Ally1-functional novolac （AN） with allylation degree of 173% was synthesized, followed by copolymerizing with 4, 4 - bismaleimide biphenyl methane（BMI） at a mass ratio of 1 ： 1 to obtain BMI-modified ally1- functional novolac（BMAN173） resin. The processing property, cure schedule, and thermal stability of BMAN173 resin were studied. The results showed that BMAN173 resin possessed excellent processing properties, which are suitable for several kinds of molding processes, such as resin transfer molding（RTM）and compression molding. The initial decrease temperature of storage modulus and thermal decomposition temperature of cured BMAN173 resin were about 390℃ and 430℃, indicating that BMAN173 resin had good thermal properties. The mechanical and thermal properties of BMAN173 resin/silica weave laminate composites were determined. BMAN173 resin/silica weave composites exhibited excellent mechanical properties at high temperature, whose flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength retention at 350℃ were about 57% and 62 %, respectively. The results of DMA showed that BMAN173 resin/silica weave possessed excellent heat-resistant property. Initial decrease temperature of storage modulus of the composites was about 410℃ and its glass transition was above 450℃. Therefore, BMAN173 resins would be a potentially ideal candidate for the matrix of high temperature-resistant composites.