军人精神疾病预测量表的研制

Development of prediction scale for mental disorders in servicemen

目的编制军人精神疾病预测量表并进行信度、效度检验。方法通过分析精神疾病发病的危险因素,研制军人精神疾病预测量表,初量表含10个因子、102个条目。随机整群抽取1400名官兵进行测试,并对其中54人同时测试中国军人心理健康量表(CMMHS)、61人同时测试艾森克人格问卷(EPQ),1周后对53人进行重测。经探索性因子分析及相关分析,检验量表的信度和效度。结果根据因子分析结果,提取11个因子,分别命名为心理防御不良、精神病性、抑郁、人格偏移、躁狂、社会支持缺乏、个性内向、家族和既往史、应激源、神经症、成长经历,另加1个掩饰因子,正式量表含有96个条目。总量表及各分量表的重测相关系数为0.397～0.867(P<0.01),Cronbach'sα系数为0.356～0.858(P<0.01)。本量表除F10、F11外的各因子与CMMHS各因子均呈显著的相关性,相关系数为0.280～0.887(P<0.05或0.01);EPQ的P分与本量表总分、F2、F3、F4、F5、F9呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.319～0.492(P<0.05或0.01),N分与本量表总分、F2、F3、F4、F5呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.307～0.465(P<0.05或0.01)。结论军人精神疾病预测量表(MMDPS)的信度和效度符合心理测量学要求。

Objective To develop a prediction scale for mental disorders in servicemen, and examine the reliability and validity of this scale. Methods The mental disorders prediction scale was developed by exploring the risk factors inducing the mental disorders. The initial scale included 11 subscales and 102 items. One thousand and four hundreds of soldiers were chosen by random cluster sampling, and tested with this scale, of whom 54 soldiers were tested with Chinese Military Mental Health Scale （CMMHS）, 61 with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） at the same time, and 53 were retested after 1 week. The reliability and validity of the scale were examined by Exploratory Factor Analysis and Correlation Analysis. Results According to the results of factor analysis, 11 factors were extracted, named unhealthy defense mechanism, psychosis, depression, personality disturbance, mania, social support deficiency, introversion, family and past history, stressor, neurosis, and growth experience, respectively, and there were 96 items in the formal scale when one lie factor was added. The test-retest correlation coefficients of total scale and subscales were 0. 397-0. 867 （P〈0. 01） ; and the Cronbachs a coefficients were 0. 356-0. 858（P〈0. 01）. Except for factors of family and past history and growth experience, factors of this scale were all significantly correlated with factors of CMMHS; the correlation coefficients were 0. 280-0. 887 （P〈0. 05 or 0. 01）. P score of EPQ was significantly positively correlated with total score, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F9 of this scale, the correlation coefficients were 0. 319--0. 492 （P〈0. 05 or 0. 01）. N score of EPQ was significantly positively correlated with total score, F2, F3, F4 and F5 of this scale, and the correlation coefficients were 0. 307-0. 465 （P〈0. 05 or 0. 01）. Conclusion The Military Mental Disorder Prediction Scale （MMDPS） has acceptable psychometrics properties on reliability and validity.