不同低氧训练模式对大鼠腓肠肌有氧代谢酶活性的影响

Effects of Different Hypoxic Training on Aerobic Metabolic Enzymes in Gastrocnemius Muscle of Rats

目的:探讨三种低氧训练模式对大鼠腓肠肌有氧代谢酶活性的影响。方法:经过适应性训练和力竭实验筛选出40只雄性SD大鼠,采用双盲法平均分成4组:低住低练组、高住高练组、高住低练组和低住高练组。采用水平动物跑台进行耐力训练,运动强度为常氧下35m/min、低氧下30m/min,1h/d,5d/周,持续训练6周。低住低练组大鼠在常氧环境下生活训练;高住高练组大鼠在低氧环境(氧浓度为13.6%,约相当于海拔3500m高度)生活训练;高住低练组大鼠低氧环境生活12h,常氧环境训练;低住高练组大鼠在常氧环境生活,低氧环境训练。最后一次训练后恢复48h取腓肠肌,检测柠檬酸合成酶(CS)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)活性。结果:与低住低练组比较,高住高练组大鼠腓肠肌CS、SDH和MDH活性分别升高11.7%(P<0.01)、8.7%(P<0.05)和12.5%(P<0.01);高住低练组、低住高练组较低住低练组增加,但无统计学意义。结论:3500米三种低氧训练模式就提高机体有氧代谢酶活性而言,高住高练优于高住低练和低住高练。

Objective To study the effects of different hypoxic training on aerobic metabolic enzymes in rats＇ skeletal muscle. Methods After adaptive training and exhaustive screening, 40 SD rats were selected and divided into 4 groups randomly： living low-training low group（LoLo）, living high-training high group（HiHi）, living high-training low group （HiLo） and living low-training high group （LoHi）. Rats were trained on treadmill for 60min a day at 35 m/min in normoxia or 30 m/min in hypoxia （in an ambient FIO2 decreased to 13.6%）, 5 days a week for 6 weeks. Rats in LoLo lived and trained in normoxia; rats in HiHi lived and trained in hypoxia; rats in HiLo lived in hypoxia 12h/d and trained in normoxia; rats in LoHi lived in normoxia and trained in hypoxia. The gastrocnemius muscle samples were removed 48 hours after the final training. The activities of CS, SDH and MDH were measured. Results The activities of CS, SDH and MDH in HiHi group significantly enhanced compared with those in LoLo group（CS, MDH P〈0.01; SDH P〈0.05）. Compared with LoLo group, the activities of CS, SDH and MDH in HiLo and LoHi increased but had no significant difference. Conclusion These findings suggested that HiHi was better than HiLo and LoHi in developing aerobic metabolic enzymes.