深圳某高校学生寝室床尘螨类调查及相关影响因子分析

Mites in Mattress Dust and Relevant Environmental Factors in Student Dormitories in Shenzhen

为了解深圳某高校学生寝室床尘螨类的孳生情况及相关影响因子。共收集宿舍床尘308份,螨孳生率为88%(271/308)。共分离螨6163只,其中粉尘螨、屋尘螨和热带剥爪螨为优势螨类,分别占29.7%、21.7%和17.9%。性别(男/女)、床上覆盖物(竹席/床单)、空调安装与否和空调日使用时间(<2h、2～8h和>8h)对螨的阳性率无显著影响(P>0.05),但logistic模型分析显示男生寝室螨可能致敏危险性低于女生寝室(OR=0.55,P=0.038),使用床单的危险性高于竹席(OR=2.13,P=0.040)。随着楼层增高,螨的阳性率和致敏危险性显著递减。

Three hundred and eight mattress dust samples were collected from college dormitories in Shenzhen with a mite prevalence of 88%（271/308）. From the samples, 6 163 mites were isolated and identified. Dermatophagoides farinae, D. pteronyssinus and Blomia tropicalis were three most abundant species, occupying 29.7%, 21.7% and 17.9%, respectively. It was found that sex of the students, mattress cover （bamboo mat or bed sheet）, with or without air conditioner installation, and daily using of air conditioner （〈2 h, 2-8 h and 〉8 h） had no significant influence on the mite prevalence （P〉0.05）. However, logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of mite sensitization in male student dormitory was significantly lower than that in female dormitory （OR=0.55, P=-0.038）, and the risk of using bed sheets was significantly higher than using bamboo mats （OR=2.13, P=0.040）. Both mite prevalence and the risk of mite sensitization significantly decreased with higher floor of the dormitory building.