关于高等学校分类、定位、特色发展的探讨

Research on the Classification, Orientation and Characteristic Development of Colleges and Universities

当前,由于思想准备不足、理论研究滞后、政策引导不到位,全国高等学校出现了分类不清、定位不明、发展方向趋同的现象。正确定位的前提是科学的、恰当的分类。从社会发展的根本要求来说,社会分工对高校培养人才类型的要求是高等学校类型划分、定位的最终依据。参照国际教育标准分类,结合中国高等教育的实际,我国的高等学校可分为三种基本类型:学术型大学、应用型本科高校和职业技术高校或是多科性或单科性的院校。高等学校的定位、特色,都要围绕提高质量这个中心任务,应加强各种类型高校的学科与专业建设,重视产学研相结合,加强师资队伍建设。

At present, due to poor preparation, lagged theoretical research, and incomplete policy guidance, there have been the phenomena of vague classification, unknown orientation and being identical in development direction in colleges and universities in China. The premise of correct orientation is scientific and appropriate classification. From the view of the fundamental requirements of social development, social division of labor for the requirement of the talent type cultivated by colleges and universities is the ultimate basis of the demarcation and orientation of university type. With reference to the international educational standard classification, combining with the reality of China higher education, the colleges and universities in China can be divided into three kinds of basic types, in terms of academic university, applicable university with undergraduate courses, and vocational technological university or multiversity or mono-discipline university. The university orientation and characteristics are to center on the central task of improving quality by strengthening the disciplinary and professional construction of all kinds of universities, and emphasizing the combination of learning, research and production and intensifying the construction of teaching team.