支气管哮喘患者的应对方式、防御方式与身心健康的关系

Correlation of Physical and Mental Health with Coping and Defensive Style in Asthma Patients

目的研究支气管哮喘患者的应对方式及防御方式与患者身心健康的关系。方法采用特质应对方式问卷、防御方式问卷以及健康状况调查问卷对190名支气管哮喘患者进行了调查。结果健康状况高分组患者的消极应对方式、不成熟的防御方式及中间型防御方式的得分均低于健康状况低分组患者,积极应对方式的得分高于后者,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。消极应对、不成熟的防御方式及中间型防御方式与患者的健康状况总分呈负相关(相关系数分别为-0.487,-0.390,-0.260,P<0.01),而积极的应对方式及成熟的防御方式则与健康状况总分呈正相关(相关系数分别为0.173,0.153,P<0.05)。消极应对及不成熟的防御方式分别对SF-36总分及精神健康均有预测作用(P<0.05),消极应对对躯体健康亦有预测作用(P<0.05)。结论消极应对及不成熟的防御方式是影响支气管哮喘患者身心健康的重要心理因素。

Objective To explore the association of physical and mental health with coping and defensive style in asthma patients. Methods 190 adult patients with asthma were investigated with trait coping style questionnaire, defensive style questionnaire and short form 36 health survey questionnaire. Results The scores in group with higher score of health status were lower than those in group with lower score of health status in negative coping style, immature and middle defensive style, but higher in positive coping style （P〈0.05）. Negative coping style （r=-0.487, P〈0.01）, immature （r=-0.390, P〈0.01） and middle （r=-0.260,P〈0.01） defensive style had a negative correlation with the sum of SF-36, but positive coping style （r=0.173, P〈0.05） and mature defensive style （r=0.153, P〈0.05） had a positive correlation with it. Moreover, negative coping style and immature defensive style were two important variables to predict patients＇ health. Conclusion Negative coping style and immature defensive style had an important effect on the health of asthma patients.