水稻超高产育种的演变与策略

Changes and Strategies of Super-high-yield Rice Breeding in China

纵观水稻超高产育种演变进程,优化株型,提高光合效率是构建水稻高产的平台基础,没有株型的创新就没有产量的突破,每一次超高产水稻理论的突破都推动水稻产量的进一步提高,为了应对人类自身的粮食安全,水稻超高产育种一直是育种界一项长期而艰巨的研究课题。综述了超高产水稻的概念、株型发展、育种思路演变的过程,重点分析了水稻超高产育种存在的问题及育种策略,指出种质创新、技术创新、理论创新、思路创新是实现水稻超高产育种的必由之路。

Considering the changes of super-high-yield rice breeding in China, it was conclude that the platform for high-yielding rice was based on optimizing plant type and improving the efficiency of photosynthesis. Super-highyield rice breeding was a long-term and arduous research objective in response to the human food security. The super-high-yield concept, development of plant type and changes of the breeding strategy were elaborated in the paper. Existing problems and strategies of the rice super-high-yield breeding in the future was analyzed in detail. Germplasm enhancement, theoretical and technological innovation and idea innovation were the only way to superhigh yield breeding in rice.