儿童立位姿态平衡发展过程的研究

The Study of the Maturation of Postural Equilibrium in Young Children

目的研究健康儿童立位姿态平衡功能发展成熟过程以及视觉系统在儿童姿态平衡中的作用。方法对214名4～15岁儿童按年龄分为12组,采用ST-939人体重心平衡仪,对各组分别行立位姿态平衡功能测试,以20例20岁成年人作为对照组,重点观察睁眼和闭眼两种状态下的重心移动速度(open velocity,OV和closedvelocity,CV)。结果OV和CV随年龄增长而呈逐渐下降趋势;8岁以前儿童闭睁眼重心移动速度差值与成年人比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论儿童姿态稳定性随年龄增长而逐渐趋于成熟,年幼儿童可能以一种与成年人不同的方式利用视觉系统来维持姿态的稳定性,8岁以后类似于成年人的姿态平衡开始出现。

Objective To study the maturation of the postural equilibrium in young children and the effects of eye-closure. Methods Altogether 214 healthy children age 4- 15 were examined for upright postural equilibrium using a computerized equilibrium instrument （ST-939）. With 20 healthy adults as control group, the velocity of postural sway was measured. Results ①Within the age--range of the children tested, postural sway decreased linearly with age. ②Eye-closure had a remarkably effect on children＇s sway velocity in comparison with adult values before age eight. Conclusion Children＇s postural stability gradually maturates with the age. Young children may use visual information to control balance in a manner different from that of adults. It is not until after eight-year old that adults--like balance--control strategies begin to appear.