558例心房颤动患者相关危险因素的分析

Clinical analysis of related risk factors in 558 hospitalized cases with atrial fibrillation

目的探讨心房颤动（房颤）患者的相关危险因素，旨在防止房颤的发生。方法对我院2005年6月至2008年6月558例房颤患者的住院资料进行回顾性分析，并按年龄分组，分析老年人房颤的特点。结果558例房颤患者中，男298例（53．4％），女260例（46．6％）；年龄21～97岁，平均（72．8±10．1）岁，其中21～59岁57例（10．2％），60～97岁501例（89．8％）；同期全院住院患者11869例，不同年龄组分别为：21～59岁4049例，60～69岁2527例，70～79岁3971例，80～89岁1244例，90～97岁78例。房颤患者占同年龄组住院患者的比例依次为1．4％（57例）、4．2％（107例）、6．6％（262例）、9．5％（118例）、17．9％（14例）；558例中，阵发性、持续性、永久性房颤分别为230例（41．2％）、44例（7．9％）、284例（50．9％）；基础疾病高血压占首位，其次为冠心病、心功能不全、糖尿病、风湿性心脏病等。结论房颤的发生随增龄而明显增加。高血压、冠心病、风湿性心脏病、心功能不全、甲状腺功能亢进、糖尿病、慢性肺疾病、肾衰竭均是房颤的危险因素，应早期预防、控制和治疗以防房颤的发生。

Objective To investigate the related risk factors in patients with atrial fibrillation in order to prevent and delay the occurrence of atrial fibrillation. Methods Five hundred and fifty- eight inpatients with atrial fibrillation were retrospectively analyzed from June 2005 to June 2008. They were divided into several groups according to the age and the characteristics of the elder patients with atrial fibrillation were analyzed. Results In the 558 cases with atrial fibrillation, there were 298 males （53.4%） and 260 females （46.6%） aged from 21 to 97 years. The average age was （72. 8±10.1） years. There were 57 cases aged 21 59 years（10.2%）and 501 cases aged 60-97 years（89.8 %）. The total number of inpatients in our hospital was 11 869, and there were 4049 cases aged〈60 years, 2527 cases aged 60 69 years, 3971 cases aged 70-79 years, 1244 cases aged 80-89 years and 78 cases aged〉90 years. The proportions of the inpatients with atrial fibrillation in the above five age groups of inpatients were 1.4%（57 cases）, 4.2%（107 cases）, 6.6% （262 cases）, 9.5%（118 cases） and 17.9% （14 cases）, respectively. In 558 cases with atrial fibrillation, there were 230 cases （41.2%） with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, 44 cases （7.9%） with persistent atrial fibrillation and 284 cases （50.9%） with permanent atrial fibrillation. The most common underlying disease was hypertension in the 558 cases, followed by coronary heart disease, heart failure, diabetes, rheumatic heart disease and so on. Conclusions The prevalence of atrial fibrillation is increased with aging. Hypertension, coronary heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, heart failure, hyperthyroidism, diabetes, chronic pulmonary disease and renal failure are all the risk factors for atrial fibrillation.