结直肠癌肝脏转移的基础研究进展

Progress in basic research of colorectal liver metastases

肝转移是结直肠肿瘤患者预后不良的独立危险因素，本文就国外近5年来对肝转移机制研究的状况作出大体的总结：研究发现肿瘤细胞对肝血窦特异性的黏附是导致转移发生的一个重要因素。转移的过程大体可分为：脱落、黏附、入侵、生存、增生。在肝转移发生过程中，肝脏的非实质细胞与肿瘤细胞相互作用促使肿瘤生长。缺氧、炎症、免疫抑制是肿瘤微环境的特点，微环境中的各种细胞因子在肿瘤进展中发挥不可忽视的作用。

Liver metastases is the independent risk factor of prognosis of colorectal cancer. In this article we summarized the research about the mechanism of colorectal liver metastases over the latest five years. Studies showed that the specific cell adhesive interaction in metastatic target organs plays an important role in metastases. The metastatic procedure can be roughly assigned to： escape, adhesion, invasion, survival and proliferation. The interactions between tumor cells and nonparenchymal cells in the liver lead to tumor growth. Tumor micro-environment is characterized by the lack of oxygen, inflammation, immune suppression, meanwhile, the role played by cell factors in the tumor micro-environment can not be ignored.