胺类甲醛固定剂清除挥发甲醛的研究

Research of amine formaldehyde scavenger to scavenge volatile formaldehyde

利用氨及氨的衍生物与甲醛发生加成反应,生成一种常温下稳定的化合物,从而固定住游离的挥发性甲醛。选用无机铵盐(硫酸铵)和有机胺(二乙胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺)作为固定剂。在室温下,固定剂溶液pH=11,溶液物质的量配比分别为硫酸铵与二乙胺1∶3、硫酸铵与二乙烯三胺1∶2.5和硫酸铵与三乙烯四胺1∶2。将固定剂溶液喷洒在板材表面,形成的液膜阻止了甲醛的释放,且溶液还可以渗入到板材内部,反应掉板材内游离的甲醛,形成稳定的化合物。溶液未干燥的状态下甲醛固定率为95%,溶液干燥后甲醛固定率大于95%。使用甲醛固定剂后,挥发性甲醛释放量不到原来的5%,基本切断了室内空气甲醛污染的来源。

Utilize the character of amine and amine ramification could combine formaldehyde and generate a steady compound at room temperature, fixed the free formaldehyde. Select the inorganic ammonium salt （ammonium sulfate） and organic amine （diethyl amine, diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramine） as scavenger. At room temperature, solution＇ s pH = 11, mole proportion of solution are 1 ： 3 （ ammonium sul- fate and diethyl amine）, 1：2.5（ammonium sulfate and diethylene triamine） and 1 ： 2（ammonium sulfate and triethylene tetramine）. Spray the scavenger solution on the surface of wood-based panel, the solution film could stop the releasing of formaldehyde and the solution also could infiltrate into the wood-based panel,work with free formaldehyde deep in wood-based panel and generate a stable compound. Before the solution was dried, E = 95%, after it dried E 〉 95%. After used the formaldehyde scavenger, the quantity of volatile formaldehyde reduced less than 5%, basically cut off the resource of indoor air pollution of formaldehyde.