纤维素基聚合物液晶溶液的发展、现状及展望

The Current Situation and the Prospect of the Liquid Crystalline Solution of Cellulose-based Polymer

使用液晶溶液纺丝可以制得高强度、高模量的纤维。经大量研究发现,作为环保可再生的资源,纤维素及其衍生物在一定浓度和一部分合适的溶剂体系中能够形成各向异性溶液。但目前,纤维素基聚合物的液晶溶液纺丝并没有成功实现工业化。文章综述了纤维素基聚合物的液晶理论,其液晶溶液的发展过程与现状及独特的流变行为,并展望在少数能直接溶解纤维素并形成液晶溶液的溶剂体系中,磷酸是一种合适的溶剂体系,有很大的发展和应用空间。

Fibers with high tensile strength and initial modulus canbe prepared by liquid crystalline spinning. It was from a great deal of researches that cellulose-based polymers, as environment-friendly and renewable resources, could form anisotropic solutions when reaching certain concentrations and in parts of appropriate solvents. But now, liquid crystalline spinning of cellulose-based polymers have not been realized the industrialization yet. The paper summarized the liquid crystalline theory, developing process, current situation and unique rehological behaviors of the liquid crystalline solution of cellulose-based polymer, and look forward that phosphoric acid is more suitable solvent and has a great future among solvents which can dissolve cellulose straightly and form liquid crystalline solution.