2001—2005年江苏境内养殖池塘渔业污染事故分析

Analysis on pollution accidents of pond culture in Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2005

对2001—2005年发生于江苏境内养殖池塘的渔业污染事故进行了调查和统计分析。结果表明,该期间内江苏养殖池塘所发生渔业污染事故共143起,每一年的平均发生率没有显著差异。但此类事故的发生有明显的季节性差异,夏秋季为事故高发期。从事故数量的地区分布来看,江苏南部地区要高于江苏中北部地区,且中北部地区有逐渐增多的趋势。引发渔业污染事故的主要污染物有COD、重金属,挥发酚、五氯酚钠也占有一定的比例。渔业污染事故对水产养殖业的健康发展有着重大的影响,因此必须对污染源严加管控,促进达标排放,以保证池塘养殖的健康发展。

A sample survey about 143 fishery pollution accidents in Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2005 was carried out. The results showed that the formation rate of pollution accidents in pond culture in Jiangsu province from 2001 to 2005 changed a little. And the number of the accidents varied with seasons, in summer and autumn the accidents happened frequently. Geographically, the south of Jiangsu province has more fishery pollution accidents than the north and the middle of it, and the accidents＇numbers in middle and north of Jiangsu has a trend of increasing. The main type of pollutants which caused the accidents include COD, heavy metal ions, at the same time, Phenol, Pentachloro sodium phenolate and ammonia had taken up a considerable proportion too. In the survey we found that many cuhurists have a deficiency of the awareness of defending their own legitimate rights and interests when their ponds were polluted, and they also have a deficiency of the relat- ed knowledge. To strength the management of enterprise sewage and to make the enterprise discharge under the related standards are all most important for pond culture and the fishery resources in natural water areas.