语用预设对《白鲸》中多重象征意义的阐释

Pragmatic Presupposition Account of the Multiple Symbolic Meanings in MOBY DICK

美国19世纪著名小说家赫尔曼.麦尔维尔在长篇小说《白鲸》中充分运用象征主义手法,创造了小说的永恒魅力和超时空的文学价值。文章运用语用预设理论,从语用预设的语境多维性、隐蔽性、文化性和语用预设量的角度,分别对白鲸、裴考德号、船长亚哈伯和航海本身四个方面的象征意义进行探索性剖析,在此基础上探讨了语用预设理论对文学语言中象征意义的建构和阐释的有效性。

MOBY DICK is the masterpiece of Herman Melville, a famous American novelist of the 19th century, who uses the symbolic methods in the novel and creates the permanent artistic charm and literary value beyond time and space. Pragmatic presupposition theory has a strong explanatory force on multiple symbolic meanings. From the perspectives of multi-dimensions of contexts, concealment, pragmatic presupposition in culture and quantity of pragmatic presupposition, this paper makes a tentative analysis in the four aspects respectively： MOBY DICK, the Pequod, captain Ahab and the voyage itself, and then argues that pragmatic presupposition theory provides the effectiveness of construction and account of multiple symbolic meanings in literary language.