不同激素对早稻剑叶和根系衰老特性影响的研究

Study on Effect of Different Hormones on Senescence of Flag Leaf and Root System of Early Rice

水培条件下探讨了在水稻齐穗过程中,不同种类激素对水稻剑叶和根系中活性氧代谢和产量的影响。结果表明;不同种类的外源激素对水稻衰老特性的影响不尽相同。在水稻齐穗时,叶片和根系的丙二醛含量之间的差异并不大。喷施不同外源激素7 d后,与对照相比较,激动素可降低叶片中丙二醛含量40.4%,使叶片中的O2-产生速率降低到33.56μg/gFW.min。三十烷醇可使叶绿素含量提高58.3%,并使O2-产生速率降低到34.79μg/g FW.min。喷施三十烷醇的水稻叶片和根系中CAT酶的活性最高,分别比同时期清水对照的高出25.9%和65.9%。喷施14 d后,三十烷醇可提高叶绿素含量136.5%,可使剑叶中O2-产生速率降低到34.79μg/g FW.min,叶片和根系中CAT活性仍高出对照212.1%和158.8%。虽然三十烷醇延缓水稻衰老的作用很显著,但赤霉素可使水稻结实率提高4.1%,6-苄基腺嘌呤的增产幅度却是最大。

Solution culture experiment with rice seedling was conducted to study the effects of different hormones on the metabolism of active oxygen in flee flag leaf and root system. The results showed different hormones had different effects on the senescence character of early flee. At early full heading stage, the malondialdehyde content in flag leaf and root had no significant difference. After 7 days of spraying different hormones, in comparison with spraying water treatment, the malondialdehyde content and the autoxidation rate of spraying kinetin treatment was deceased by 40.4% and reduced to 33.56μg/g - min respectively. The triacontanol could increase chlorophyll content by 58.3% and decrease O2^- productive rate to 34.79μg/g· min. The CAT activity of flee leaf and root in spraying triacontanol treatment was the highest, being 25.9% and 65.9% higher than that in spraying water treatment, respectively. After 14 days of spraying different hormones, the triacontanol could increase chlorophyll content by 136.5% and decrease O2^- productive rate to 34. 79 μg/g · min, and the CAT activity of flag leaf and root in spraying tfiacontanol treatment was still 212.1% and 158.8% higher than that in spraying water treatment, respectively. Triacontanol had significant effect on the delay of flee senescence, while gibberellin could increase setting rate by 4. 1%, and rice yield in spraying 6 - BA treatment was the highest.