黑麦草和紫花苜蓿对紫茎泽兰的竞争作用研究

Study on Competitive Effects of Lolium perenne and Medicago sativa on Ageratina adenophora

紫茎泽兰是我国首批公布的危害最严重的入侵种之一,替代控制是控制其蔓延和危害的主要途径之一。为评价多种牧草混种对紫茎泽兰的替代控制效果,采用多因素随机区组实验,在不同密度梯度和组合条件下研究了黑麦草和紫花苜蓿对紫茎泽兰的竞争作用。结果表明:在芽期,高密度(50粒种子/盆,盆直径φ=24cm)时,紫茎泽兰与2牧草混合种植可明显抑制紫茎泽兰的发芽;在苗期,2种牧草与紫茎泽兰以高密度(18株幼苗/盆,盆直径φ=24 cm)和小比例(紫茎泽兰占种植株总数的1/2以下)方式种植时,能够使紫茎泽兰株高和干重受到明显抑制,紫茎泽兰表现出较弱的竞争性,充分体现出牧草混合种植的替代竞争优势作用,讨论了牧草混合种植替代控制紫茎泽兰的可行性。

Crofton weeds [Ageratina adenophora （Sprengel） King ＆ Robinson] is one of the worst invasive species in China, and planting pasture is one of the available methods for displacement controlling it in grasslands. Randomized block designed was applied to evaluate the effect of planting multipastures on the displacement controlling of A. adenophora. Perennial ryegrass Lolium perenne L. and Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. are important forages in the development of fanning and stock in the world, different densities and combination interbreeding of these 2 forages were implemented to study the displacement control potential of A. adenophora. The results showed that the germination of A. adenophora was obviously restrained in interbred with L. perenne and M. sativa under the density of 50 seeds per pot （ pot diameter φ = 24 cm）. The height and dry weight of seedlings of A. adenophora were evidently restrained in interbred with L. perenne and M. sativa under the density of 18 seedlings per pot and the ratio of A. adenophora to the total plants less than 50%. It＇s indicated that interbreeding of multi-pastures is a potential way to displacement control of A. adenophora. The feasibility of displacement control of A. adenophora with muhi-pastures interbreeding was also discussed.